RansomEXX

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Also known as: Defray 2018, Defray-777, Defray777, Ransom X, RansomEXX

We recently discovered a new file-encrypting Trojan built as an ELF executable and intended to encrypt data on machines controlled by Linux-based operating systems. After the initial analysis we noticed similarities in the code of the Trojan, the text of the ransom notes and the general approach to extortion, which suggested that we had in fact encountered a Linux build of the previously known ransomware family RansomEXX. This malware is notorious for attacking large organizations and was most active earlier this year. RansomEXX is a highly targeted Trojan. Each sample of the malware contains a hardcoded name of the victim organization. Moreover, both the encrypted file extension and the email address for contacting the extortionists make use of the victim’s name.

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Introduction

We recently discovered a new file-encrypting Trojan built as an ELF executable and intended to encrypt data on machines controlled by Linux-based operating systems. After the initial analysis we noticed similarities in the code of the Trojan, the text of the ransom notes and the general approach to extortion, which suggested that we had in fact encountered a Linux build of the previously known ransomware family RansomEXX. This malware is notorious for attacking large organizations and was most active earlier this year. RansomEXX is a highly targeted Trojan. Each sample of the malware contains a hardcoded name of the victim organization. Moreover, both the encrypted file extension and the email address for contacting the extortionists make use of the victim’s name.

Activities and Tactics

Information pending cataloguing.

Notable Campaigns

Information pending cataloguing.

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs)

Ransomware Vulnerability Matrix observations

Category Vendor Product CVEs
Applications Jenkins Jenkins CVE-2024-23897
Applications SAP NetWeaver CVE-2025-31324
Microsoft Products Windows CLFS CVE-2025-29824

Notable Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

No curated IOCs are currently published for this actor. This section will be updated when stable, attributable indicators are available.

Malware and Tools

  • Trojan.Karagany:
  • Trojan.Mebromi:

Ransomware Tool Matrix observations

Category Observed tools
Credential Theft LaZagne, Mimikatz, ProcDump
LOLBAS BCDEdit, Windows Event Utility (wevtutil)
OffSec Cobalt Strike

Attribution and Evidence

Information pending cataloguing.

References

References pending cataloguing.